EmbraceCare: Epilepsy monitoring system for autistic individuals

Aritha Shasmeen, Nahida Afroz Luba, Md. Mubin

Supervisor: Srija Sarker, Lecturer

Abstract

EmbraceCare is a continuous, dual-modal seizure detection system engineered specifically for autistic children, providing 24/7 monitoring capabilities. The architecture is divided into a stationary nocturnal monitor and a wearable device for mobile time use. The nocturnal system utilizes a contact-free, Radio Frequency (RF)-based setup comprising two ESP32 microcontrollers. By flooding UDP packets across the bed, it analyzes Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) disruptions caused by motor seizures, utilizing a self-calibrating, four-metric variance scoring algorithm to accurately isolate signal anomalies. For mobile time monitoring, a wearable module captures motion via an accelerometer. These temporal and frequency features are evaluated locally by an embedded ensemble machine learning model trained on the Open Seizure Database. The soft-voting ensemble classifier demonstrates high efficacy, achieving over 91% test accuracy. Ultimately, EmbraceCare delivers a privacy-preserving monitoring solution that ensures low-latency caregiver alerts.

 

 

D-Drain: a low-cost, modular Indwelling Pleural Catheter system

Fatima Tuz Zobaida, Md. Jobayed Hossain Ome, Esrat Jahan, Jeba Shamiha

Supervisor: Samiul Based Shuvo, Assistant Professor

Abstract

Pleural effusion, the pathological accumulation of fluid within the pleural cavity, is a common and debilitating condition among patients with advanced malignancies and chronic diseases. While established indwelling pleural catheter (IPC) systems, such as PleurX and Rocket IPC, enable long-term pleural drainage, their high cost (70,000-90,000BDT) and dependence on proprietary drainage components limit accessibility in low-resource settings such as Bangladesh. This project presents the design and bench-top evaluation of a low-cost, vacuum-assisted pleural drainage system intended to provide a more affordable alternative. The developed prototype integrates a vacuum pump for negative pressure generation, a pressure sensor with real-time monitoring, an OLED display, an IV flow regulator for adjustable drainage control, a three-way stopcock for emergency suction interruption, and a reusable drainage chamber. Unlike currently established IPC systems, the proposed system incorporates active electronic pressure monitoring and automatic pump cutoff at a predefined suction threshold, while also retaining manual safety control. Bench-top testing under simulated conditions demonstrated successful negative pressure generation and retention, controlled flow regulation, and effective suction on interruption. The exact cost of the prototype was around 7,000 BDT. This modular, frugal design demonstrates the feasibility of an affordable pleural drainage platform in resource-constrained healthcare settings.

 

 

A Dual-Wavelength Autofluorescence Device for Early Oral Cancer Screening

Nazmoon Shahrair, Asfak Hossain Bhuiyan, Sadid Ahmed Dhrubo

Supervisor: Shoyad Ibn Sabur Khan Nuhash, Assistant Professor

Abstract

Oral cancer remains a critical global health challenge, particularly in South Asian regions where late-stage diagnosis significantly reduces survival rates despite the accessibility of the oral cavity for examination. Early detection is therefore not only a clinical necessity but a public health imperative. However, conventional diagnostic methods such as biopsy and histopathology are invasive, time-consuming, resource-intensive, and impractical for large-scale screening, creating an urgent need for rapid, non-invasive, and cost-effective alternatives. This work presents the development of an upgraded dual-wavelength autofluorescence imaging device for early oral cancer screening, targeting endogenous fluorophores—NADH and FAD—to detect underlying metabolic and structural alterations in tissue. The system employs two excitation sources (365 nm and 460 nm LEDs) arranged in an alternating circular PCB configuration to ensure uniform illumination. Emitted fluorescence is selectively captured using bandpass filters centered at 470 nm and 520 nm, which are dynamically switched via a servo motor to maintain a consistent optical path and ensure spatial alignment. A synchronized embedded architecture integrating a Xiao-ESP32, Raspberry Pi 4, and ArduCam enables precise control of excitation, automated filter switching, real-time image acquisition, and processing. The system captures aligned NADH and FAD images, allowing visualization, segmentation, and region-of-interest (ROI) identification. Preliminary validation through patient imaging, supported by biopsy-confirmed cases, demonstrates the system’s ability to distinguish between malignant and benign tissue based on fluorescence characteristics. Compared to existing solutions, the proposed device offers enhanced portability, automation, and affordability, making it suitable for deployment in resource-limited and community healthcare settings. Furthermore, the system establishes a foundation for future integration of automated classification algorithms and decision-support tools. Overall, this work represents a significant step toward accessible, point-of-care oral cancer screening, with the potential to improve early diagnosis, reduce treatment burden, and ultimately enhance patient outcomes.

 

 

Neo-Nest: A Low-Cost Smart System for Neonatal Hypothermia Management

Sadia Armin Diba, Adibah Sumaita, Shahmina Jahan Najat

Supervisor: Samina Nishat Binte Akram, Lecturer

Abstract

Neonatal hypothermia remains a major healthcare challenge, particularly in low-resource settings, where it contributes significantly to neonatal morbidity and mortality. This project presents Neo-Nest, a low-cost and portable neonatal thermal care system designed to maintain a newborn’s body temperature within a safe range. The system incorporates dual temperature sensors, relay-controlled heating pads, and an Arduino-based control unit for continuous temperature monitoring and automated thermal regulation. A 2.8-inch TFT display, LED indicators, and a buzzer provide real-time status updates and safety alerts, while an HC-05 Bluetooth module enables wireless monitoring through a smartphone. The prototype was evaluated through bench-top testing to assess temperature regulation performance and system responsiveness. Experimental results demonstrated stable temperature maintenance and timely alert generation under varying conditions. By offering an affordable alternative to conventional neonatal care devices such as incubators and radiant warmers, Neo-Nest has the potential to improve thermal care accessibility in both hospital and home settings. This work highlights the effectiveness of integrating low-cost electronics and user-centered design to address hypothermia-related risks in newborns.

 

 

PNEO-FLEX: A Low-Cost Pneumatic Wrist Rehabilitation Device for Stroke Patients

Priyadorshini Sahisnuta Paul, A.H.M Sadman Siddique, Imtiaj Uddin

Supervisor: Samiul Based Shuvo, Assistant Professor

Abstract

Stroke is a major cause of long-term wrist disability, and access to continuous rehabilitation remains limited in low-resource settings such as Bangladesh due to high therapist demand, inadequate structured rehabilitation services, and the high cost of imported assistive devices. This project presents PNEO-FLEX, a low-cost, non-invasive, home-based pneumatic rehabilitation device designed to support wrist recovery through soft robotic actuation. The system uses a locally manufacturable silicone-rubber actuator with a reinforcement cover and glove interface to assist wrist flexion-extension and radial-ulnar deviation. The device is operated through an air pump, solenoid valve, and microcontroller-based control unit, while a Bluetooth-enabled mobile application allows clinicians to customize the therapy according to patient needs. Device performance was evaluated through mechanical and imaging-based angular motion analysis. In addition, ultrasound imaging was used to assess the hemodynamic effects of the device by measuring blood flow characteristics in the radial artery, including peak systolic velocity, blood flow, and arterial area, before and after device use to determine whether blood flow increased following rehabilitation assistance. The prototype demonstrated meaningful assisted motion across multiple wrist movements, indicating its potential as an effective rehabilitation aid. With an estimated cost of only BDT 4,000–5,000, PNEO-FLEX offers a practical and scalable solution for accessible home-based stroke rehabilitation in resource-constrained environments.

 

 

Aspirox: A Smart Wearable Device for Early Detection of Silent Aspiration in High-Risk Patients

Rakibul Haris Zurik, Mohammad Sadman Siddiquee, Provakor Das

Supervisor: Srija Sarker Anannya, Lecturer

Abstract

Early diagnosis of silent aspiration is crucial in preventing aspiration pneumonia, which is a major reason for mortality among stroke patients. In this work, we describe the conception, development, and implementation of a diagnostic tool that detects mechanical waves generated by the laryngeal vestibule when swallowing occurs in an airway.

CSTVB stands for Chaotic Supraglottic Tissue Vibration Burst, which refers to an inher- ent phenomenon that occurs within the 20–80 Hz bandwidth and is not present in any normal swallowing or vocalization.

The proposed system uses a novel approach in sensing technology based on the fusion of a piezoelectric film sensor (LDT0-028K) and a tri-axis accelerometer (MPU-6050). These two sensors combined are able to discern internal vibrations of the throat from external mechanical artifacts.

The benchtop testing of our system shows an ability to detect micro-aspiration even in very small volumes starting from 0.5 mL. The analysis of spectral entropy and root mean square (RMS) provides a high accuracy of classification.

Our solution is verified by findings from existing literature. Moreover, the proposed architecture complies with the regulatory guidelines of Bangladesh DGDA.

 

 

EcoStride—An Eco-Friendly, Low-Cost Cane-Based Below-Knee Prosthesis

Riath Hossain, Jubaer Islam Nabib, Forhad Ahmed

Supervisor: Shoyad Ibn Sabur Khan Nuhash, Assistant Professor

Abstract

Worldwide, limb loss heavily restricts daily life, yet high costs and lack of specialized facilities leave up to 90% of amputees without prosthetic support. In Bangladesh, over 88% of amputations affect lower limbs, with an average delay of 6.4 years before patients receive a prosthetic device. Existing options are often heavy, expensive, and difficult to maintain locally.

This project introduces EcoStride, a lightweight(2kg), highly affordable, below-knee endoskeletal prosthesis engineered from treated native cane (rattan) to solve the socio-economic and clinical disparities in lower-limb rehabilitation.

The structural core leverages natural, bundled cane stalks, optimized via targeted heat treatments to control bending angles. To overcome the material’s organic elasticity limits, an innovative hybridization technique was applied: wrapping the cane core in high-tensile E-glass fiberglass and reinforcing it with a 10:1 epoxy resin-to-hardener matrix. This ensures rigorous waterproofing and structural rigidity. The structural adapter was 3D-printed using high-strength PETG to optimize force distribution. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) via ANSYS simulated structural stress across variable leg lengths 12cm and 17cm and bending angles 135 degree to validate physical load-bearing performance.

Bench-top mechanical testing demonstrated that the reinforced cane specimen successfully withstood a tensile load of up to 17.21kN (experiencing a stress of 30.31N/mm^2 and a compressive load of 1.45kN (~150kg) prior to failure. Total production costs were minimized to a highly competitive ~8,300BDT.

EcoStride successfully balances cost, sustainability, and mechanical reliability. While limited in multiaxial rotation, it offers an eco-friendly, locally manufacturable, and structurally sound paradigm shift for low-resource amputees, returning a long-term patient to active mobility.

 

 

EcoMedix: An Affordable & Efficient Liquid Medical Waste Treatment System for Small-Scale Clinics

Maisha Tarannum, Aranya Datta, Ahmed Wasik Ibrar

Supervisor: Samina Nishat Binte Akram, Lecturer

Abstract

In developing nations like Bangladesh, medical liquid waste from small clinics and dental chambers is frequently neglected, creating severe health and environmental hazards due to poor infrastructure and weak regulatory enforcement. Hazardous liquid waste, including blood and saliva, is often disposed of without proper treatment, increasing the risk of infection and environmental contamination. To address this critical gap, the EcoMedix project proposes an affordable and automated liquid waste treatment system tailored for small-scale healthcare facilities. The system utilizes sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in an optimized 5:2 waste-to-chemical ratio to disinfect waste, incorporating automated chemical dosing, stirring, and filtration controlled by an Arduino-based unit for ease of operation. The system’s effectiveness was validated through testing with real blood samples and laboratory-prepared saliva, followed by microbial colony counting and chlorine residue analysis to ensure proper disinfection in alignment with WHO guidelines. Results showed a significant reduction in microbial load and negligible chlorine residue, confirming the system’s reliability, safety, and efficiency. The EcoMedix system offers a scalable, cost-effective, and environmentally sustainable solution for managing medical liquid waste in low-resource settings, with strong potential for widespread adoption in small clinics and dental facilities across Bangladesh and similar regions.

 

 

BioDrip: An Integrated Closed-Loop System for Automated Monitoring and Precision Control of IV Infusion

Rahin Ibne Hasan, MD. Abirul Alam, Nanziba Islam

Supervisor: Md. Tazuddin Ahmed, Lecturer

Abstract

In 2023, Bangladesh suffered a devastating dengue outbreak with over 321,000 hospitalizations and 1,705 deaths. These fatalities were largely attributed to IV fluid mismanagement, with only 35.1% of patients receiving guideline-compliant care. To address this critical gap, we developed BioDrip, a low-cost, automated IV fluid control system designed to reduce human error and save lives. BioDrip uses a laser and phototransistor sensor to monitor drip rates in real-time. A stepper motor and lead-screw mechanism automatically adjust the flow by compressing the IV tube, governed by a Fuzzy Logic controller, ideal for the nonlinear IV drop detection. A hall-effect sensor is used to ensure proper positioning of the head that pushes against the tube. The device takes input of the required flow rate from a physician and readjusts the current value to the required one. We carried out tests at flow rates as low as 8 DPM (drops per minute) up to 290 DPM, that is the range required for non-shock, compensated and decompensated shock dengue patients, and our device precisely measures the flow rate without missing any significant number of drops. The device initially takes some time for stabilization, but ultimately gives very accurate results of flow rate with error margin less than 3 DPM. Although we started working primarily for dengue patients, the device can also be used for patients that require any other IV fluid. At under $40, BioDrip provides an affordable, portable, and contamination-free alternative to expensive commercial infusion pumps. It is specifically engineered for resource-constrained environments, such as rural clinics and overwhelmed hospital wards. The current prototype requires full integration of industry-grade components and a dedicated trial in hospital settings. Our future work will focus on user evaluation and collaboration with potential industry partners.

 

 

Portable Hybrid Cooling System for TB Sample Transport

Monon Mohammad Sadim Sami, Nabil Faruque Rafin, Suraiya Sujana Khan

Supervisor: Md. Tazuddin Ahmed, Lecturer

Abstract

Maintaining an uninterrupted cold chain for tuberculosis (TB) samples remains a critical barrier to timely and accurate diagnosis in resource-limited settings, where existing solutions are often passive, imprecise, and operationally impractical. This work presents a novel portable hybrid cooling system designed to transport TB samples safely within the clinically required 2°C to 8°C range. The system integrates dual TEC1-12706 Peltier modules within a multi-layer insulated enclosure, controlled via a duty-cycled strategy implemented on an Arduino Uno with a DS18B20 temperature sensor. Copper-based internal heat spreading ensures uniform temperature distribution across the storage chamber, while real-time telemetry and alerting are enabled through ESP32 and ThingSpeak for field-level traceability. Experimental results demonstrate that the passive subsystem sustains the target temperature range for 18 hours, while the hybrid configuration extends operational duration to 32.7 hours, representing an 74.9% improvement, with a measurement accuracy of ±0.12°C. The entire system is realized at a cost of approximately 8327 BDT (approximately 68 USD), making it substantially more affordable than comparable active cooling solutions. This design offers a scalable, low-cost, and field-deployable framework for transporting temperature-sensitive biomedical samples in underserved regions, with direct implications for improving TB diagnostic access and public health outcomes.

 

 

Urotrack : An Automated Urine Output Monitoring System

Upama Rani Roy, Shaira Zaman Hitaishi, Mahedi Hasan Sazzid

Supervisor: Samiul Based Shuvo, Assistant Professor

Abstract

Accurate monitoring of urine output is a critical parameter in intensive care units (ICUs) for assessing kidney function, fluid balance, and patient response to treatment. Conventional methods rely on manual measurement using urine collection bags, which are time consuming, prone to human error, and lack real-time monitoring capability. Additionally, delayed detection of catheter blockage can lead to severe clinical complications such as acute kidney injury. This project presents UROTRACK, a low-cost, non-invasive automated system designed for continuous urine output monitoring and early detection of catheter blockage. The proposed system utilizes a pair of infrared (IR) transmitter–receiver sensors placed externally along a urine drainage tube. As urine flows through the tube, it sequentially interrupts the IR beams, enabling the system to detect flow events and estimate urine output based on sensor timing and system parameters, without requiring direct contact with the fluid. To enhance patient safety, the system incorporates a blockage detection mechanism. If no flow is detected for a predefined duration, the system generates a notification to alert healthcare providers of a possible catheter obstruction. A prototype was developed using an Arduino-based platform and tested under controlled laboratory conditions. While the system demonstrated effective flow detection in transparent setups, performance limitations were observed in real drainage tubing due to optical interference and irregular flow patterns. Overall, the proposed design demonstrates the feasibility of a low-cost and automated urine monitoring approach. Further improvements in sensing reliability, system integration, and adaptation to real clinical conditions could enhance its practical applicability and support more effective patient monitoring in critical care settings.

 

 

TB Breathomics: A Non-Invasive Approach for Tuberculosis Detection Using VOC Analysis and Machine Learning

Md Fahad Al Faisal, Tauhidul As Sami, Snehashish Sarker Shimul

Supervisor: Tasnia Binte Mamun, Lecturer

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading infectious causes of mortality worldwide, disproportionately affecting low- and middle-income regions where access to rapid and reliable diagnostics are limited. Conventional diagnostic methods, including sputum microscopy and molecular assays, are often invasive, time-consuming, costly, or infrastructure-dependent, leading to delayed diagnosis and continued disease transmission. This highlights the urgent need for a rapid, affordable, and non-invasive frontline screening tool suitable for decentralized healthcare settings.

TB Breathomics presents a portable electronic nose (e-nose) system designed to detect TB by analyzing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath. The system emphasizes non-invasive sampling, rapid analysis (under 5 minutes), low per-test cost (~$2–3), portability, and minimal infrastructure requirements. The hardware integrates a sealed breath sampling chamber, a flow-controlled mouthpiece, a 12-sensor metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) array (TGS and MQ series), microcontroller-based data acquisition, and an automated purge mechanism. A standardized 60-second sampling protocol ensures repeatability and consistency.

Sensor responses are processed through feature extraction and classified using machine learning models, including Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest. A preliminary validation study conducted on 10 confirmed TB patients and 10 non-TB individuals demonstrated that the system can effectively distinguish between TB and non-TB breath profiles. Additionally, testing on external samples, including smokers, showed that the model correctly classified these as non-TB, indicating promising specificity and robustness against confounding factors.

A basic user interface has been developed to enable real-time testing and visualization, further enhancing usability in practical settings. Despite encouraging results, ongoing challenges include sensor drift, environmental variability, manual chamber sterilization, and the need for larger clinically validated datasets.

Future work focuses on hospital-based large-scale data collection, UV-C sterilization for infection control and further refinement of machine learning models. TB Breathomics aims to function as a rapid triage tool to facilitate early detection, reduce diagnostic delays, and expand access to TB screening globally.

 

 

AnkleGlide 3.0: A Continuous Ankle Flexion And Calf Compression Device for Long-term Bedridden Patients

Montaha Anowar, Md. Al Maruf Ratul, Md. Aamer Intiser Shadman, Kazi Md. Borhanul Islam

Supervisor: Tasnia Binte Mamun, Lecturer

Abstract

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT), caused by prolonged lower-limb immobility in bedridden patients, can lead to life-threatening complications such as Pulmonary Embolism (PE), stroke, and cardiac events. Existing prophylactic solutions, particularly Sequential Compression Devices (SCDs) are often expensive and not widely accessible in low-resource settings healthcare settings, such as in Bangladesh. This project presents the design and development of AnkleGlide 3.0, a continuous ankle flexion and calf compression device intended for long-term bedridden patients to enhance venous return and reduce the risk of DVT and muscle atrophy. The device integrates an electromechanical ankle flexion mechanism that produces controlled dorsiflexion and plantarflexion cycles, along with a calf muscle compression subsystem driven by a syringe-pump-based mechanism that applies periodic external pressure to the calf muscle to simulate the natural muscle pump action. The combined operation of ankle motion and calf compression improves blood circulation in the lower limb more effectively than passive motion alone. The system is controlled through a bedside keypad and LCD interface, allowing caregivers to operate the device without specialized technical training. Prototype testing demonstrated increased blood flow velocity in the lower limb during operation, indicating improved venous return. The device was designed using locally available materials and components, resulting in a total manufacturing cost significantly lower than commercially available compression devices. The proposed system provides a low-cost, portable, and clinically relevant solution for DVT prevention and early rehabilitation in intensive care units and home-care settings in resource-constrained environments.

 

 

Stetho-X: AI-Enabled Digital Stethoscope for Rural Cardiopulmonary Screening

Abir Ahammed Khan Swakhor, Md. Almas Mahir, Emtiaz Ahmed Shawon

Supervisor: Shoyad Ibn Sabur Khan Nuhash, Assistant Professor and Samiul Based Shuvo, Assistant Professor

Abstract

Cardiovascular and respiratory diseases are major global health challenges, particularly in rural and resource-limited regions where access to trained clinicians and diagnostic tools is scarce. Conventional auscultation is widely used for primary screening but remains subjective and lacks objective recording, analysis, and longitudinal monitoring.

Stetho-X, a low-cost AI-enabled digital stethoscope designed to support early cardiopulmonary screening and improve healthcare accessibility. The system captures high-quality heart and lung sounds using optimized low-cost hardware and applies digital signal processing techniques for noise reduction. Machine learning models classify heart sounds as normal or abnormal and detect respiratory diseases such as pneumonia and bronchitis. A doctor-guided real-time auscultation interface ensures proper sensor placement and recording quality, while dual dashboards provide automated reports, personalized risk alerts, and longitudinal health tracking. A working prototype demonstrates reliable signal acquisition, disease classification, and secure cloud-based data storage. Designed for low-compute and low-bandwidth environments, Stetho-X enables scalable deployment and integration into telemedicine workflows, enhancing early detection and diagnostic confidence in underserved communities.

 

 

BreathAid: A LOW-COST, SEMI AUTOMATIC PORTABLE BIPAP DEVICE

Md Ibtesham Rashid, Avijeet Debnath, Prosanta Bhowmik

Supervisor: Md Abdullah Al Mamun, Lecturer

Abstract

Background & Objectives:

Ventilators have long been used in medical services, but being costly devices, they remain inaccessible to the general population. With the aim of making respiratory support more affordable, a semi-automatic, low-cost Bi-level Positive Airway Pressure (BiPAP) ventilator was developed. The objective of this device is to bridge the service gap in Bangladesh’s low-resource medical sector and provide patients with a chance to breathe. Conditions such as COPD, obstructive airway diseases, and ICU respiratory distress require BiPAP devices, which are often too expensive for widespread use.

Methods:

A prototype was developed using a 150 W AC blower controlled by an Arduino-based TRIAC circuit to regulate oxygen flow and pressure. The system featured a hybrid interface with a keypad and a TFT display for monitoring therapy parameters, as well as a 20-second auto-calibration phase to estimate the inspiratory-to-expiratory ratio. A heat-moisture exchanger filter ensured safe oxygen or air delivery. The device’s performance was evaluated through bench tests with an IMT Analytics flow analyzer, comparing it to clinical ventilation and oxygen therapy standards.

Results:

The device consistently achieved therapeutic pressure levels (IPAP 18.5–19.0 cmH₂O, EPAP 4.0–4.5 cmH₂O) and peak flow rates of 87 L/min, making it suitable for respiratory therapy. The recorded rise time (0.6–0.8 s) adhered to clinical benchmarks. At a total construction cost of USD 75, about one-tenth the price of imported alternatives, the device potentially supports scalable local production in Bangladesh.

Conclusions:

This affordable non-invasive ventilation device can enhance emergency responsiveness and strengthen national medical services. Facilitating local manufacturing reduces reliance on imports and aligns with Bangladesh’s goal of sustainable and equitable access to oxygen and respiratory therapy.

 

 

IntubAid: A Low-Cost Video Laryngoscope for Low Resource Settings

Md Ashraful Islam, Md Samiul Hasan, AKM Muhtasim Fuad

Supervisor: Md Abdullah Al Mamun, Lecturer

Abstract

In critical care and intensive care units, where effective airway management can mean the difference between life and death, intubation is an essential life-saving treatment. During intubation, a laryngoscope is utilized, however conventional laryngoscopes frequently make it difficult to visualize the airway well, which can result in unsuccessful attempts and major difficulties. Although video laryngoscopes make the procedure easier and more successful by providing a clear image of the glottis, many hospitals find it difficult to employ them due to their exorbitant cost, which is often between two and three lakhs. With an expected cost of 12,000 to 15,000, this project offers a low-cost video laryngoscope. The device is lightweight and compatible with smartphones, making it versatile and simple to use. Additionally, it can be used to instruct new users and to record and take images during the process for future learning. The design is appropriate for low-resource environments like congested hospitals and rural clinics, with an emphasis on patient and physician comfort and safety. The gadget will require appropriate clinical trials and medical-grade materials for full-scale production, which can be carried out in the future in cooperation with business partners.